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What is Structural Adjustment Programme mean?
Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) consist of loans (structural adjustment loans; SALs) provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) to countries that experience economic crises. Their purpose is to adjust the country's economic structure, improve international competitiveness, and restore its balance of payments.
The IMF and World Bank (two Bretton Woods institutions) require borrowing countries to implement certain policies in order to obtain new loans (or to lower interest rates on existing ones). These policies are typically centered around increased privatization, liberalizing trade and foreign investment, and balancing government deficit. The conditionality clauses attached to the loans have been criticized because of their effects on the social sector.
SAPs are created with the stated goal of reducing the borrowing country's fiscal imbalances in the short and medium term or in order to adjust the economy to long-term growth. By requiring the implementation of free market programmes and policy, SAPs are supposedly intended to balance the government's budget, reduce inflation and stimulate economic growth. The liberalization of trade, privatization, and the reduction of barriers to foreign capital would allow for increased investment, production, and trade, boosting the recipient country's economy. Countries that fail to enact these programmes may be subject to severe fiscal discipline. Critics argue that the financial threats to poor countries amount to blackmail, and that poor nations have no choice but to comply.
Since the late 1990s, some proponents of structural adjustments (also called structural reform), such as the World Bank, have spoken of "poverty reduction" as a goal. SAPs were often criticized for implementing generic free-market policy and for their lack of involvement from the borrowing country. To increase the borrowing country's involvement, developing countries are now encouraged to draw up Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), which essentially take the place of SAPs. Some believe that the increase of the local government's participation in creating the policy will lead to greater ownership of the loan programs and thus better fiscal policy. The content of PRSPs has turned out to be similar to the original content of bank-authored SAPs. Critics argue that the similarities show that the banks and the countries that fund them are still overly involved in the policy-making process. Within the IMF, the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility was succeeded by the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, which is in turn succeeded by the Extended Credit Facility.
referenceFull Form | Category |
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Senior Authorized Person | Academic & Science |
Standard Assessment Procedure | Academic & Science |
Société Anatomique de Paris | Academic & Science |
Students, Alumni, and Professionals | Academic & Science |
Scientific Agricultural Partnership | Academic & Science |
Anatomical Society of Paris | Academic & Science |
Société Anatomique de Paris | Academic & Science |
Super Absorbent Polymer | Academic & Science |
Speech Act Participant | Academic & Science |
Special Assistance Plan | Academic & Science |
Supply of Academic Publications | Academic & Science |
Student Assistance Program | Academic & Science |
Satisfactory Academic Progress | Academic & Science |
Students Aid Project | Academic & Science |
Standard Assessment Performance | Academic & Science |
Standardized Assessment of Personality | Academic & Science |
Standard Accounting Procedures | Accounts and Finance |
Substituted Accounting Period | Accounts and Finance |
Service Advertisement Protocol | Accounts and Finance |
Statements On Auditing Procedure | Accounts and Finance |
Software Accounting Programme | Accounts and Finance |
San Pedro Sula | Airport Code |
State Agricultural Plan | Banking |
System Analysis and Program Development | Business |
Systems Application and Programming | Business |
Systems, Applications and Products in Data Processing | Business |
Systeme, Anwendungen, Programme in der Datenverarbeitung | Business |
Servicios Aereos Profecionales | Business |
Systems Applications And Programming | Business |
Specified Action Plan | Business |
System Applications Products | Business |
System Applications and Products | Business |
Systems Application and Products | Business |
S A P, A. G. | Business |
Safety Awareness Program | Business |
Structural Adjustment Programme | Business |
Strategic Advantage Profile | Business |
Société des Automobiles Pilain | Business |
Systeme Anwendungen Produkte | Business |
Substance Abuse Professional | Business |
Simple As Possible | Business |
Saputo, Incorporated | Business |
Sabina Corporation, LTD. | Business |
Social Action Program | Community |
Share And Prayer | Community |
State Advisory Panel for Special Education | Community |
Solves All Problems | Community |
Science Activity Planner | Community |
Standard Assessment Program | Community |
Scholarship Assistance Program | Community |
Second Audio Programming | Community |
Second Audio Program | Community |
Secondary Audio Programming | Community |
Separate Audio Program | Community |
Student Assistance Plan | Community |
Software Applications Programmer | Community |
Segmentation Application Part | Computer and Networking |
Service Access Point | Computer and Networking |
System Application Procedure | Computer and Networking |
Stand Alone Printer | Computing |
System Assist Processor | Computing |
Streaming Audio Player | Computing |
Soon As Possible | Computing |
Slight Atari Player | Computing |
System, Application and Products | Computing |
Serverfehler Anzeige Programm (German) | Computing |
Send Another Person | Computing |
Service Advertising Protocol | Computing |
Secure Audio Path | Computing |
Standard Administration Procedures | Computing |
Structural Adjustment Program | Computing |
Sim Access Profile | Computing |
Signaling Access Point | Computing |
Software Access Point | Computing |
Symbolic Assembler Program | Computing |
System Application Program | Computing |
Santo Ant | Country Specific |
SwapAll | Cryptocurrency |
Systems Applications Processing | Database Management |
Secondary Audio Program | Electronics |
System Applications and product | General |
Systeme Andwendungen Produkte | General |
Satan's Accounting Program | General |
Salary Advance Program | General |
Simplified Acquisition Procedures | General |
System Application and Product | General |
Street Appearance Package | General |
Sport Appearance Package | General |
Saab Automobile Parts | General |
Sensor for Accelerator Pedal | General |
Somewhat Academic Privacy | General |
Slow And Painful | General |
Satani Ali Pano | General |
Shut up And Pay | General |
Side Access Panel | General |
Scania Active Prediction | General |
Single Anchor Pin | General |
Systeme Anti Patinage | General |
Societe des Automobiles Peugeot | General |
Sdruzeni Automobiloveho Prumyslu | General |
Sunter Assembly Plant | General |
Supplier Assessment Program | General |
Side Assist Plus | General |
Skoda Auto Polska | General |
Soluciones de Automocion Profesionales | General |
Springfield Assembly Plant | General |
Silverton Assembly Plant | General |
Sampling and Analysis Plan | General |
Statements of Administration Policy | Governmental |
Substance Abuse Panel | Governmental |
Semi-Automatic Pistol | Governmental |
Simplified Approval Process | Governmental |
Special Assistance Pass | Governmental |
Stop All Progress | Governmental |
Substance Abuse Program | Governmental |
Substance Abuse Prevention | Governmental |
Socialistisk Arbejderparti | Governmental |
Socialdemokratiska Arbetarepartiet | Governmental |
Socialistische Arbeiderspartij | Governmental |
Socialistische Alternatieve Politiek | Governmental |
Standard Asessment Procedure | Governmental |
Suitcase And Passport | Governmental |
State Assessment Panel | Governmental |
Statutory Adoption Pay | Governmental |
Subscriber Assistance Program | Governmental |
SATTENAPALLE | Indian Railway Station |
Servicios Aéreos Profesionales | International |
Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung | International |
Servicio de Aprovisionamientos | International |
Stupid American Person | Internet |
Sorry A** Person | Internet |
Substance Abuse Professionals | Jobs |
Simultaneous Algebric Programs | Maths |
Staphylococcus Aureus Protease | Medical |
Steroidogenesis Activator Polypeptide | Medical |
Surfactant Associated Protein | Medical |
Symptom-Associated Probability | Medical |
Serum Amyloid P | Medical |
Systolic Arterial Pressure | Medical |
Slam Associated Protein | Medical |
Sensitive to Antimicrobial Peptides | Medical |
saponin | Medical |
SAPorin | Medical |
SAPosin | Medical |
Secreted Acid Phosphatase | Medical |
Secreted Aspartic Protease | Medical |
Sensory Action Potential | Medical |
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase | Medical |
Single Assessment Process | Medical |
Situs Ambiguus with Polysplenia | Medical |
SLAM-Associated (Signalling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule) Protein | Medical |
Slow Action Potential | Medical |
Spontaneous Action Potential | Medical |
Stable Angina Pectoris | Medical |
Soft and Pretty | Messaging |
Sorry Ass Person | Messaging |
Safety Action Plan | Messaging |
Special Access Program | Military and Defence |
Semi-armor Piercing | Military and Defence |
Scientific Advisory Panel | Military and Defence |
System Area Pointer | Networking |
Safety Application Layer Protocol | Networking |
Start of Active Profile | Networking |
Session Announcement Protocol | Networking |
Service Announcement Protocol | Networking |
Sandipan Accepted Protocol | Networking |
Santo Antônio da Platina | Regional |
South African Police | Regional |
San Pedro Sula, Honduras | Regional |
South African Party | Regional |
Systems, Applications & Products | Software |
System Application Product | Softwares |
Structural Analysis Program | Softwares |
Systems, Applications, Products (sap.com) | Softwares |
Systems Applications and Products | Softwares |
Strain Arrestor Plate | Space Science |
Ramón Villeda Morales International Airport | Transport & Travel |
Posted on 18 Dec 2024, this text provides information on Miscellaneous in Business related to Business. Please note that while accuracy is prioritized, the data presented might not be entirely correct or up-to-date. This information is offered for general knowledge and informational purposes only, and should not be considered as a substitute for professional advice.
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