CAIS meaning in Medical ?

Answer:

What is Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome mean?

Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is an AIS condition that results in the complete inability of the cell to respond to androgens. As such, the insensitivity to androgens is only clinically significant when it occurs in individuals with a Y chromosome or, more specifically, an SRY gene. The unresponsiveness of the cell to the presence of androgenic hormones prevents the masculinization of male genitalia in the developing fetus, as well as the development of male secondary sexual characteristics at puberty, but does allow, without significant impairment, female genital and sexual development in those with the condition.

All human fetuses begin fetal development looking similar, with both the Müllerian duct system (female) and the Wolffian duct system (male) developing. It is at the seventh week of gestation that the bodies of unaffected individuals with the XY karyotype begin their masculinization: i.e, the Wolffian duct system is promoted and the Müllerian duct system is suppressed (the reverse happens with typically developing females). This process is triggered by androgens produced by the gonads, which in individuals with the XX karyotype had earlier become ovaries, but in XY individuals typically had become testicles due to the presence of the Y Chromosome. The cells of unaffected XY individuals then masculinize by, among other things, enlarging the genital tubercle into a penis, which in females becomes the clitoris, while what in females becomes the labia fuses to become the scrotum of males (where the testicles will later descend).

Individuals affected by CAIS develop a normal external female habitus, despite the presence of a Y chromosome, but internally, they will lack a uterus, and the vaginal cavity will be shallow, while the gonads, having been turned into testicles rather than ovaries in the earlier separate process also triggered by their Y chromosome, will remain undescended in the place where the ovaries would have been. This results not only in infertility in individuals with CAIS, but also presents a risk of gonadal cancer later on in life.

CAIS is one of the three categories of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) since AIS is differentiated according to the degree of genital masculinization: complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) when the external genitalia is that of a typical female, mild androgen insensitivity syndrome (MAIS) when the external genitalia is that of a typical male, and partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) when the external genitalia is partially, but not fully masculinized.

Androgen insensitivity syndrome is the largest single entity that leads to 46, XY undermasculinization.

reference

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Clackamas Academy Of Industrial Sciences	Academic & Science
Commercial Academic Information Systems	Academic & Science
Canadian Association for Information Science	Academic & Science
Center for Artificial Intelligence in Society	Academic & Science
Campus Advanced Information System	Academic & Science
Concordia Administrative Information System	Academic & Science
Chemical Agent Identification Set	Academic & Science
Credit Account Information Sharing	Accounts and Finance
CAIS Internet, Inc.	Business
Cayman Alternative Investment Summit	Business
Center for Assessment and Instructional Support	Community
Canadian Association of Independent Schools	Community
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Canadian Accredited Independent Schools	Community
Communications of the Association for Information Systems	Community
Community Advice and Information Service	Community
Canadian Association for Irish Studies	Community
Common Apse Interface Specification	Computing
Collocated Automatic Intercept System	Computing
Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies	General
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Copper Amino Isolate Serum	General
Center For Applied Isotope Studies	General
Central American Integration System	General
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Cartilage Autograft Implantation System	General
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Changchun American International School	International
Christian Alliance International School	International
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Capitol Area Internet Service	Internet
Center for Advanced Internet Studies	Internet
Cancer Agency Information System	Medical
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome	Medical
Common Apse Interface Set	Military and Defence