DCL meaning in Information Technology ?

Answer:

What is Data Control Language mean?

A data control language (DCL) is a syntax similar to a computer programming language used to control access to data stored in a database (Authorization). In particular, it is a component of Structured Query Language (SQL). Data Control Language is one of the logical group in SQL Commands. SQL is the standard language for relational database management systems. SQL statements are used to perform tasks such as insert data to a database, delete or update data in a database, or retrieve data from a database.

Though database systems use SQL, they also have their own additional proprietary extensions that are usually only used on their system. For Example Microsoft SQL server uses Transact-SQL (T-SQL) which is an extension of SQL. Similarly Oracle uses PL-SQL which is their proprietary extension for them only. However, the standard SQL commands such as "Select", "Insert", "Update", "Delete", "Create", and "Drop" can be used to accomplish almost everything that one needs to do with a database.

Examples of DCL commands include:

GRANT to allow specified users to perform specified tasks.REVOKE to remove the user accessibility to database object.

The operations for which privileges may be granted to or revoked from a user or role apply to both the Data definition language (DDL) and the Data manipulation language (DML), and may include CONNECT, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, EXECUTE, and USAGE.

Microsoft SQL Server:

As per Microsoft SQL server there are four groups of SQL Commands. ( MSSQL)

Data Manipulation Language (DML)Data Definition Language (DDL)Data Control Language (DCL)Transaction Control Language (TCL)

DCL commands are used for access control and permission management for users in the database. With them we can easily allow or deny some actions for users on the tables or records (row level security).

DCL commands are:

GRANT – We can give certain permissions on the table (and other objects) for certain users of database,

DENY – bans certain permissions from users.

REVOKE – with this command we can take back permission from users.

For Example GRANT can be used to give privileges to user to do SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE on a specific table or more than one tables.

With REVOKE command we can take back privilege to default or revoking specific command like update or delete based on requirements.

Example:

Grant SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE on Employee To User1

Revoke INSERT On Employee To user1

Deny Update On Employee to user1

GRANT in first case we gave privileges to user User1 to do SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE on the table called employees.

REVOKE with this command we can take back privilege to default one, in this case, we take back command INSERT on the table employees for user User1.

DENY is a specific command. We can conclude that every user has a list of privilege which is denied or granted so command DENY is there to explicitly ban you some privileges on the database objects.:

ORACLE Database fb:Dipa Lolman.9

Oracle divide SQL commands to different types. They are.

Data Definition Language (DDL) StatementsData Manipulation Language (DML) StatementsTransaction Control StatementsSession Control StatementsSystem Control StatementEmbedded SQL Statements

For details refer Oracle-TCL

Data definition language (DDL) statements let you to perform these tasks:

Create, alter, and drop schema objectsGrant and revoke privileges and rolesAnalyze information on a table, index, or clusterEstablish auditing optionsAdd comments to the data dictionary

So Oracle database DDL commands include the Grant and revoke privileges which is actually part of Data control Language in Microsoft SQL server.

Syntax for grant and revoke in Oracle:

Example:

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON db1.Employee TO user1;

REVOKE SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON db1.Employee FROM user1;

Transaction Control Statements in Oracle:

Transaction control statements manage changes made by DML statements. The transaction control statements are:

COMMITROLLBACKSAVEPOINTSET TRANSACTIONSET CONSTRAINT

MySQL server:indo

MySQL server they divide SQL statements into different type of statement

Data Definition StatementsData Manipulation StatementsTransactional and Locking StatementsReplication StatementsPrepared StatementsCompound Statement SyntaxDatabase Administration StatementsUtility Statements

reference

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