INC meaning in International ?

Answer:

What is International Navigation Company mean?

The International Navigation Company (INC) was a Philadelphia-based holding company owning 26 ships totaling 181,000 tons and carried more passengers than either Cunard or White Star, when the company was reorganized as International Mercantile Marine in 1902. INC was formed in 1871 with the backing of the Pennsylvania Railroad to operate foreign flagged vessels on transatlantic routes to Philadelphia. Clement Griscom, the company's general manager, entered into an agreement with the Belgian Government to establish the Red Star Line to operate a mail service out of Antwerp to Philadelphia and New York. This subsidiary would provide most of the company's profits for the next 30 years.

In 1873, Griscom also took over the management of the American Steamship Company, a Philadelphia-based passenger and cargo service to Liverpool that was also backed by the Pennsylvania Railroad. This company, known as the American “Keystone” Line was unprofitable because of the substantially higher costs associated with operating American-flagged vessels. In 1884, the assets of the American Line were acquired by International Navigation. Two years later, INC also acquired the assets of the financially troubled Inman Line, operator of a British flagged Liverpool-New York mail service. With PRR's backing, Griscom ordered two record breakers to restore Inman's fortunes. However, the British Government objected to Inman's ownership change and revoked Imman's mail contract. Griscom successfully lobbied Congress to reflag the two new express liners and qualify for an American mail subsidy. In 1893, Inman was merged the American Line and the company built two additional express liners in the US to create a premium weekly service, now routed to Southampton.

Griscom believed that the major lines should be merged to control capacity and avoid rate wars. In 1899, he became acquainted with J. P. Morgan, an investment banker who was responsible for many of the large mergers during the period. With financing from Morgan's syndicate, in 1902 Griscom and Morgan expanded International Navigation by acquiring the Atlantic Transport Line, the Leyland Line, the White Star Line, the Dominion Line and half of Holland America. International Navigation was renamed International Mercantile Marine (IMM).

However, Griscom and Morgan paid too high a price for the companies they acquired and IMM struggled under the debt payments. Management was reorganized to focus on White Star, the most profitable subsidiary. In 1915, IMM was forced into bankruptcy when the war disrupted cash flow, but later was able to profit from the wartime demand for shipping. In the 1920s and 1930s, IMM gradually sold off its foreign subsidiaries. In 1931, it acquired the United States Lines, and merged all operations under that name in 1943. The company failed in 1986 and was liquidated when it over expanded in the cargo container business.

reference

Full Form	Category
Yinchuan	Airport Code
Incorporated	Banking
The International Corporation	Business
Insetco, P.L.C. Ordinary shares	Business
Income Financial Trust	Business
IMPERIAL-Newton Corporation	Business
National Continuous Index	Business
Indigenous Narratives Collective	Community
Impacting Neighbourhoods and Communities	Community
Industry Numbering Committee	Community
In the Name of Christ	Community
International Carrier	Computer and Networking
Increment	Computer Assembly Language
International Network of Crackers	Computing
Include File	Computing
Implementation Notification Certificate	Computing
International Network Conference	Computing
Incomplete	Educational Degree
Include File (several Programming Languages)	File Type
is an acronym	General
Item Name Code	General
Instituto Nacional de Canalizaciones	General
Ingredients n Craft	General
Intelligent Network Controller	General
India National Corrupt	General
Intake Close	General
Inlet Close	General
International Niva Club	General
Indonesia Neo Club	General
Infiniti Nissan Club	General
Incomplete Car	General
Innovative New Cowboy	General
International Narcotics Control	Governmental
Indian Nursing Council	Governmental
Indian National Congress	Indian Political Party
Instancia Nacional de Consenso	International
International Navigation Company	International
Innovating Nurturing Commercialising	Medical
Implanted Neural Controller	Medical
Inconclusive	Medical
In Need of Cuddles	Messaging
Interface Network Controller	Military and Defence
Internet Controller	Military and Defence
Yinchuan, Mainland China	Regional
Indic (Other)	Regional
Increase	Space Science
Installation Notice Card	Space Science
Installation Notice Certificate	Space Science
Yinchuan Hedong International Airport	Transport & Travel