SSPX meaning in Academic & Science ?

Answer:

What is Society of Saint Pius X mean?

The Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX), officially the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Pius X (FSSPX; Latin: Fraternitas Sacerdotalis Sancti Pii X), is an international priestly fraternity founded in 1970 by Marcel Lefebvre, an Archbishop of the Catholic Church. Lefebvre, a Frenchman, was a leading traditionalist voice at the Second Vatican Council with the Coetus Internationalis Patrum and was also the Superior General of the Holy Ghost Fathers until 1968. The Society was initially established as a pious union of the Catholic Church with the permission of François Charrière the Bishop of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg in Switzerland.

The society is named after Pope Pius X, whose anti-Modernist stance the society stresses, retaining the Tridentine Mass and pre-Vatican II liturgical books in Latin for the other sacraments. The present Superior General of the society is Davide Pagliarani, succeeding Bishop Bernard Fellay. There are a number of organisations derived from the SSPX, most notably; the Society of Saint Pius V (SSPV), a sedevacantist group mostly in the United States and the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter (FSSP) which was made a society of apostolic life under Pope John Paul II in 1988.

Tensions between the society and the Holy See reached their height in 1988, when Archbishop Lefebvre consecrated four bishops without the Apostolic Mandate and against a personal warning by Pope John Paul II, known as the Écône consecrations, resulting in Rome declaring that the bishops who consecrated or were consecrated had incurred latae sententiae (automatic) excommunication. Though the priestly fraternity denied that the bishops incurred any penalty, claiming canon law in their defense, the declared excommunication of the surviving bishops was at their request removed in 2009 in the hope of speedily reaching "full reconciliation and complete communion".

The society has seen a growing recognition of its sacramental and pastoral activities by the Holy See, extending permanent canonical recognition to confessions heard by its priests and allowing local ordinaries to grant delegation to priests of the society for officially witnessing marriages. The significance of these recognitions is that, unlike the other sacraments of the Catholic Church, both confession and marriage require canonical jurisdiction for their validity. Critics of the society contended that such confessions could not be heard or marriages witnessed by a Society priest, due to a defect of form as a consequence of lacking jurisdiction. In addition, the Holy See named Bishop Fellay judge in a canonical trial against one of the society's priests. Nevertheless the Society, citing canon law in its defense, contends on its part that it possessed supplied jurisdiction for confessions due to a state of necessity.

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Society of Saint Pius X	Academic & Science
Society of St. Pius X	Community
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