AER meaning in Medical ?

Answer: What is Apical Ectodermal Ridge mean?

The apical ectodermal ridge (AER) is a structure that forms from the ectodermal cells at the distal end of each limb bud and acts as a major signaling center to ensure proper development of a limb. After the limb bud induces AER formation, the AER and limb mesenchyme—including the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA)—continue to communicate with each other to direct further limb development.

The position of the limb bud, and hence the AER, is specified by the expression boundaries of Hox genes in the embryonic trunk. At these positions, the induction of cell outgrowth is thought to be mediated by a positive feedback loop of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) between the intermediate mesoderm, the lateral plate mesoderm and the surface ectoderm. FGF8 in the intermediate mesoderm signals to the lateral mesoderm, restricting the expression of FGF10 through intermediate Wnt signals. Then, FGF10 in the lateral plate mesoderm signals to the surface ectoderm to create the AER, which expresses FGF8.

The AER is known to express FGF2, FGF4, FGF8, and FGF9, while the limb bud mesenchyme expresses FGF2 and FGF10. Embryo manipulation experiments have shown that some of these FGFs alone are sufficient for mimicking the AER.

reference

Full Form	Category
Astronomy Education Review	Academic & Science
Advancing Ethical Research	Academic & Science
Advanced Engine Research	Academic & Science
Annual Equivalent Rate	Accounts and Finance
Annual Equivalent Return	Accounts and Finance
Adler/sochi	Airport Code
Aegis Realty, Inc.	Business
Groupe Aeroplan, Incorporated	Business
Association for Education Rehabilitation	Community
Association for Education and Rehabilitation of the Blind and Visually Impaired	Community
Authorized Education Reseller	Community
Advanced Edge Router	Computing
Attribute Error Rate	Computing
Android Enterprise Recommended	Computing
Advanced Error Reporting	Computing
Aeryus	Cryptocurrency
Aerdrop	Cryptocurrency
The American Economic Review	General
Aerial	General
Applied Econometrics with R	General
Automated Emissions Reduction	General
Annualized Equivalent Rate	General
All Electric Range	General
Africa Eco Race	General
Asociacion Espanola de Renting de Vehiculos	General
Checker Aerobus	General
Alternative Energy Requirement	Governmental
Adverse Event Report	Governmental
Alberta Energy Regulator	Governmental
American Economic Review	Governmental
Atmospheric and Environmental Research	Governmental
Army in Europe Regulation	Governmental
Accurate, Efficient, Reliable	Jobs
Average Error Rate	Maths
Aerosol Liquid	Medical
Auditory Evoked Response	Medical
Apical Ectodermal Ridge	Medical
Albumin Excretion Rate	Medical
Army Emergency Relief	Military and Defence
Adler/ Sochi, Russia	Regional
Energy Regulators	Regional
Australian Energy Regulator	Regional
Assembly of European Regions	Regional
Algoma Eastern Railway	Regional
Association of European Radios	Regional
American Endurance Racing	Sports