In telecommunications, baseband is the range of frequencies occupied by a signal that has not been modulated to higher frequencies. Baseband signals typically originate from transducers, converting some other variable into an electrical signal. For example, the output of a microphone is a baseband signal that is an analog of the received audio. In conventional analog radio broadcasting the baseband audio signal is used, after processing, to modulate a separate RF carrier signal at a much higher frequency.
A baseband signal may have frequency components going all the way down to DC, or at least it will have a high ratio bandwidth. A modulated baseband signal is called a passband signal, which occupies a higher range of frequencies and has a much lower ratio and fractional bandwidth.
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