Chernivtsi (Ukrainian: Чернівці́ [tʃern(j)iu̯ˈts(j)i]; Romanian: Cernăuți; see also other names) is a city in western Ukraine. It is situated on the upper course of the Prut River, and is the administrative center of Chernivtsi Oblast (province), which includes the Ukrainian part of Bukovina. Chernivtsi is also the administrative center of Chernivtsi Raion and hosts the administration of the Chernivtsi urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. At the time of the 2001 Ukrainian Census, the population of the city was 240,600. The current population is 265,471 (2021 est.)
Chernivtsi is viewed as one of Western Ukraine's main cultural centers. The city is also considered one of Ukraine's important educational and architectural sites. Inhabited by Early Slavic tribes since the 2nd or 5th century AD, the area in which present-day Chernivtsi is located became part of Kievan Rus' in the 9th-11th century. Chernivtsi was also part, for almost four centuries, of the Principality of Moldavia. Located on the border with Poland, the city flourished enjoying a high degree of autonomy. The city, along with the rest of Moldavia, came under Turkish control in 1538, and was later devastated by the Russo-Turkish War. Russians and Swedes pillaged the city, which by 1762 had shrunk to a settlement of hardly 200 wooden buildings and about a thousand inhabitants. After passing to Austria in 1775, the city's population, economy and architectural landscape grew exponentially. Historically a cosmopolitan community, Chernivtsi was once dubbed "Little Vienna" and "Jerusalem upon the Prut". Chernivtsi is twinned with seven other cities around the world. The city is a major regional rail and road transportation hub, also housing an international airport.
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