Delhi (; Hindi pronunciation: [ˈdɪlːiː] Dillī; Punjabi pronunciation: [ˈdɪlːiː] Dillī; Urdu pronunciation: [ˈdɛɦliː] Dêhlī), officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Located on the Yamuna river, Delhi is bordered by the state of Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. The NCT covers an area of 1,484 square kilometres (573 sq mi). According to the 2011 census, Delhi's city proper population was over 11 million, while the NCT's population was about 16.8 million. Delhi's urban agglomeration, which includes the satellite cities of Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Gurgaon and Noida in an area known as the National Capital Region (NCR), has an estimated population of over 28 million, making it the largest metropolitan area in India and the second-largest in the world. Recent estimates of the metropolitan economy of its urban area have ranked Delhi either the most or second-most productive city of India. Delhi is the second-wealthiest city in India (after Mumbai), and is home to 18 billionaires and 23,000 millionaires. Delhi ranks fifth among the Indian states and union territories in human development index. Delhi has the second-highest GDP per capita in India (after Goa). Delhi is of great historical significance as an important commercial, transport, and cultural hub, as well as the political centre of India.
During the Vedic period, Delhi was the site of Indraprastha or Indrapat, an Indo-Aryan city which served as a capital of the Kuru Kingdom, the first state-level society in the Indian subcontinent. The city later served as a capital of various other kingdoms and empires, including the Hindu Tomaras and the Muslim Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. It has been captured, ransacked and rebuilt several times, and modern Delhi is a cluster of a number of cities spread across the metropolitan region. For many centuries, Delhi has been a dominant trading and commercial centre in North India, and since the 1990s it has emerged as an important node in the international corporate and financial network.
Although a union territory, the political administration of the NCT of Delhi today more closely resembles that of a state of India, with its own legislature, high court and an executive council of ministers headed by a Chief Minister. New Delhi is jointly administered by the federal government of India and the local government of Delhi, and serves as the capital of the nation as well as the NCT of Delhi. Delhi hosted the inaugural 1951 Asian Games, 1982 Asian Games, 1983 NAM Summit, 2010 Men's Hockey World Cup, 2010 Commonwealth Games, 2012 BRICS Summit and was one of the major host cities of the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
Delhi is also the centre of the National Capital Region (NCR), which is a unique 'interstate regional planning' area created by the National Capital Region Planning Board Act of 1985.
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