High Efficiency Image File Format (HEIF) is a container format for storing individual images and image sequences. The standard covers multimedia files that can also include other media streams, such as timed text, audio and video.
HEIF can store images encoded with multiple coding formats. A HEIF image using HEVC requires less storage space than the equivalent quality JPEG. It "can store twice as many pictures in the HEIC format as in JPEG". AVIF refers to HEIF images using AV1 coding. It has "file size 10 times smaller than JPEG with the same image quality". HEIF is also capable of storing animation with more information than an animated GIF or APNG in less size.
HEIF offers more features than JPEG. For example, it stores double the bit color depth at 16-bits compared to JPEG at only 8-bits. It can also be used to store both SDR and HDR images.
HEIF files are a special case of the ISO Base Media File Format (ISOBMFF, ISO/IEC 14496-12), first defined in 2001 as a shared part of MP4 and JPEG 2000. Introduced in 2015, it was developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) and is defined as Part 12 within the MPEG-H media suite (ISO/IEC 23008-12).
HEIF was adopted by Apple in 2017 with the introduction of iOS 11, and support on other platforms is growing.
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