Kokshetau (meaning Blueish Mountain in Kazakh, Kazakh: Көкшетау, romanized: Kökşetau; [køkɕetɑw] (listen), Russian: Кокшета́у, pronounced [kokʂɪˈtaʊ]), formerly known as Kokchetav (Russian: Кокчета́в, IPA: [koktɕɪˈtav], 1827–1993), is a city in northern Kazakhstan and the capital of Akmola Region, which stretches along the southern shore of Lake Kopa, lying in the north of Kokshetau Uplands and the southern edge of the Ishim Steppe. It is named after the Mount Kokshe. Earlier, it was the administrative center of Kokshetau Region, which was abolished in 1997. It is also situated at the junction of the Trans-Kazakhstan and South Siberian railways. Kokshetau lies at an elevation of approximately 234 m (768 ft) above sea level.
It has 146,104 inhabitants (2020 est.), up from 123,389 (1999 census), while Akmola Region had a total population of 738,587 (2019 est.), down from 1,061,820 (1989 census), making it the tenth most populous region in Kazakhstan. The city's history has been influenced by people of many nations and religions. Kokshetau retains multiethnic population, with 58% ethnic Kazakhs (up from 36%), the rest being mostly 29% ethnic Russians (down from 42%) and other ethnic groups such as Ukrainian, Tatars and Germans. Kokshetau City Administration (area of 425 km2 [164 sq mi]), with a population of roughly 160,430 residents, includes one settlement administration (which consists of the work settlement of Stantsyonny) and the Krasnoyarsk rural district, which includes two rural settlements (the villages of Krasny Yar and Kyzyl Zhuldyz).
The city is considered to have been founded in 1824 as a military fortress, while it was granted city status in 1895. It was the centre of Kokshetau Region, which was abolished in 1997. It is well known for its nature and tourist sites, such as Burabay and Zerenda, among others. Kokshetau is about 185 km (115 mi) from Petropavl, 300 km (190 mi) northwest of the national capital Nur-Sultan along the A1, 318 km (198 mi) from Omsk along the A13, and 384 km (239 mi) from Kostanay. The city is served by Kokshetau Airport.
Kokshetau is an important economic, educational, and cultural centre of the Akmola Region. Kokshetau was awarded Kazakhstan City of Culture for 2021.
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