The Law Enforcement Officers' Bill of Rights (LEBOR, LEOBR, or LEOBoR) is intended to protect American law enforcement personnel from investigation and prosecution arising from conduct during official performance of their duties, and provides them with privileges based on due process additional to those normally provided to other citizens. It was first set forth in 1974, following Supreme Court rulings in the cases of Garrity v. New Jersey (1967) and Gardner v. Broderick (1968). It doesn't prohibit police departments from subjecting officers to drug tests.
Fifteen states have versions of the Bill written into their statutes. An additional eleven states are considering similar legislation, and many other states have similar provisions written into their contracts with police unions.
Critics say that the LEOBR makes it impossible to discipline or remove bad officers, including but not limited to after they have been convicted of felonies in the courts. Under LEOBR, officers are judged only by other officers. LEOBR prevents the formation of civilian review boards that give civilians oversight over police actions.
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