The Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC; Ukrainian: Українська Православна Церква, romanized: Ukrainska Pravoslavna Tserkva; Russian: Украинская Православная Церковь, romanized: Ukrainskaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov'), commonly referred to as the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP, Russian: Украинская православная церковь Московского патриархата, УПЦ-МП) is one of the "self-governing" churches under the jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate, i.e. the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) (In the terminology of the current Statute of the ROC, a "self-governing Church" is distinguished from an "autonomous Church"). The ROC defines the UOC-MP as a "self-governing church with rights of wide autonomy".
Currently, the UOC-MP is one of the two major Eastern Orthodox ecclesiastical bodies in modern Ukraine, alongside the Orthodox Church of Ukraine (OCU). The latter was established at the Unification Council held under the auspices of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople on 15 December 2019 and which council was not attended by the majority of the bishops of the UOC-MP. Since then, the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople disputes the claims by the Moscow Patriarchate of its ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the territory of Ukraine.
The UOC-MP enjoys nearly full administrative independence from the ROC's Holy Synod. The Primate of the UOC-MP is the most senior permanent member of that synod and thus has a say in its decision-making in respect of the rest of the ROC throughout the world. Despite the de facto annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the eparchies of the UOC-MP in Crimea continue to be administered by the UOC-MP.
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